1. This hole will last longer than our enemy hole, /h/communism, who are posers, right-deviationists, reactionaries, and counter revolutionaries.

I got banned there for trying to offer mutual aide in the form of a medic tent, which caused me to instantly create this hole because I was mad

2. We will form a space program in the aims of achieving Fully Automated Luxury Gay Space Communism

I don't know how this is supposed to work yet, and I'm not sure I believe in the existence of outer space ... but I do know that anything is possible if we all work together!

Our first moves on this front should be to research outer space as much as possible

3. Ministers and officers will be assigned and people's badges will be made.

They work like NFTs except for the part where there's a blockchain. They work like rdrama badges except for the part where they show up on the badge section of your profile. (unless I figure out how to do something really creative with css psuedoelements lol). Almost everyone will be able to create and assign badges themselves. We'll record who has what badges and stuff in a pinned post or something, and fakes will be hunted down and sent to gulag.

If you want to be a minister or an officer post your reason below, the following people who posted in the "What's your job in the communist society" thread have dibs:

I didn't count anyone who acted like they wanted to kill communists!

If you have dibs, say what you want your title to be and I'll put your name and title in the sidebar or make a pinned directory or something and possibly add you to the mod list

It can be as fancy sounding as you want, in fact, the more glorious the better! power to the people!

If you don't have dibs, post below what you want your job in the communist society to be.

We are notably missing:

poet , suggestion maker , someone who knows how to make lattes , story tellers , uniform makers , fortune tellers , theoretical farmers , actual farmers , astrophysicists , and rocket scientists (this may be important to creating a space program!)

The researchers claim to have discovered eight vertical cylinder-shaped structures, referred to as shafts, extending approximately 2,100 feet deep beneath the pyramids.

https://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-14527193/Scientists-discovered-vast-city-underneath-Egypts-Giza-pyramid-mysterious-structures.html

https://tilscience.substack.com/p/new-scan-shows-massive-structures

https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/pyramids-of-giza-new-discovery-structures/

FULLY AUTOMATED JOURN*LISM GPT SLOP:

Italian and Scottish researchers claim they found a major discovery beneath the Pyramids of Giza, potentially rewriting the history of ancient Egypt. Using radar technology, the team led by Corrado Malanga from Italy's University of Pisa and Filippo Biondi from the University of Strathclyde in Scotland announced the findings of what they describe as a vast underground city stretching more than 6,500 feet directly beneath the pyramids.

"This groundbreaking study has redefined the boundaries of satellite data analysis and archaeological exploration," said the project's spokesperson, Nicole Ciccolo, according to The Sun. She elaborated that the discovery "could redefine our understanding of the sacred topography of ancient Egypt, providing spatial coordinates for previously unknown and unexplored subterranean structures."

The researchers used a new radar technology known as Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), which combines satellite radar data with tiny vibrations from naturally occurring seismic movements. This method creates 3D images of what lies beneath the Earth's surface without the need for physical excavation. Their study, still awaiting peer review, suggests that the complex is ten times larger than the pyramids themselves.

The team claims to have discovered eight vertical cylinder-shaped structures, referred to as shafts, extending approximately 2,100 feet deep beneath the pyramids. Each shaft is said to be surrounded by spiral pathways that connect to two 80-meter cube-shaped structures. Above these, they reportedly found five multi-level structures connected by passageways.

"The existence of vast chambers beneath the earth's surface, comparable in size to the pyramids themselves, has a remarkably strong correlation with the legendary Halls of Amenti," Ciccolo stated. She explained that the cylindrical structures were found underneath each of the three pyramids and appear "to serve as access points to this underground system."

Several experts have expressed skepticism regarding these claims. Independent experts, including Professor Lawrence Conyers, have raised serious concerns about the study. "I could not tell if the technology used actually picked up hidden structures below the pyramid," Conyers told Daily Mail, calling the claims of a vast city underneath the pyramids "a huge exaggeration."

He acknowledged that while small structures such as shafts and chambers might exist beneath the pyramids, the idea of a vast underground city is questionable. "The Mayans and other people in ancient Mesoamerica often built pyramids on top of the entrances of caves or caverns that had ceremonial meaning to them," he explained, according to The Sun. "It is conceivable there are small structures, such as shafts and chambers, beneath the pyramids that existed before they were built because the site was special to ancient people."

Critics point out that SAR technology typically excels at detecting shallower features, and its effectiveness diminishes significantly beyond a few meters in solid geological formations.

Despite the skepticism, the findings have sparked excitement online. Posts on social media platform X have fueled speculation, with some users suggesting that the structures could support alternative theories about the pyramids functioning as ancient energy systems rather than burial sites—a notion supported by figures such as Nikola Tesla and Christopher Dunn.

"The megastructure they just found underneath the Giza Pyramids is probably the most important discovery to ever be made in our lifetimes," one user posted, according to Marca. Others have shared similar sentiments, blending hard science with speculative theories.

The researchers hope to continue their research but acknowledges that securing approval from the authorities to excavate the area is incredibly tough.

"Despite the skepticism, the only way to prove the discoveries are true is through targeted excavations," Conyers added, according to Daily Mail.

The Giza complex, consisting of the pyramids Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure, built about 4,500 years ago on a rocky plateau on the west bank of the Nile River in northern Egypt, has long been a subject of intrigue and speculation. Traditionally believed to be royal tombs, these new claims, if substantiated, could potentially challenge the widely accepted understanding of their purpose.

While the idea of a hidden underground city is tantalizing, the current evidence remains unverified. Until more concrete data—such as peer-reviewed papers or excavation results—emerges, the scientific community urges caution. The Egyptian government, historically cautious about excavations that challenge established narratives, has not commented on the claims.

The article was written with the assistance of a news analysis system.

The author is just listed as "JERUSALEM POST STAFF"

In August 1962, the CIA had contaminated 14,135 bags of Cuban sugar bound for Russia to create groomercord between Cuban and Russian authorities and JFK had to step in and turn the ship around.

The CIA has never done anything. Stop being paranoid.

Oh, you see, they used to do bad stuff, but they totally stopped right when the declassified documents run out. What a coincidence, huh?

A post from miz

—1962: A US intelligence agent is known to have given several thousand dollars to a Canadian to introduce a disease infecting Cuban sea-turtles.

—1965: A plastic balloon descends on a farm in Santiago de las Vegas. When it hits the ground it expels a white dust that spreads to cane plantation which is later destroyed.

—1968: A foreign specialist working for an international agency is expelled after he is confirmed to have introduced a virus affecting coffee crops.

—1970: The US is caught seeding clouds over Cuba in an attempt to affect the sugar harvest. The project was part of a larger research plan called "The Cooling" which was intended to devise ways of manipulating the weather for political reasons.

—1971: African swine fever is introduced. The Cubans claim that the container transporting the virus came from Fort Gullick, a US military base in the Panama Canal Zone. Those involved in this attack have since testified to their part. The entire pig population of Cuba had to be slaughtered.

—1977: Cane smut is detected in Pilón, eastern Cuba. The disease had never been known in Cuba until this date.

—1978: A previously unknown variety Blue mould hits the sugar crops causing losses of approximately 344 million pesos.

—1978: Sugar cane rust affects a new variety of cane imported from Barbados. As a result 1.35 million tonnes of sugar are lost.

—1979-80: Two different strains of African swine fever are discovered emanating from distinct areas of contamination. 300,00 pigs are slaughtered.

—1981: A previously unknown Bovine skin disease erupts affecting young cows and bullocks throughout the island.

—1981: A sudden outbreak of haemorrhagic dengue fever affects 350,000 people. 158 people, including children, die from the disease. The disease is later discovered to be exactly the same strain of the disease which caused an outbreak in New Guinea in 1924 but no others in the world except the Cuban case. The outbreak had three initial breeding grounds in Cienfuegos and Camagüey, all very close to international air corridors. Just prior to the outbreak it was discovered that the entire personnel at the Guantanamo naval base had been vaccinated against dengue. As a result there was not a single case of the disease in the base.

—1981: Haemorraghic conjunctivitis caused by the Enterovirus 70 strain spreads throughout the island. The Pan American Health Organisation is baffled because this strain had never been seen in the entire hemisphere before.

—1982: The US magazine Covert Action, August 6, 1982, suggests the dengue outbreak might have been a CIA plot.

—1984: Eduardo Arocena, a counter-revolutionary of Cuban origin and head of the Omega-7 terrorist organisation, stands trial in the US accused of the murder of Felix Garcia Rodriguez, a Cuban diplomat to the UN. Arocena confesses to having introduced 'germs' into Cuba as part of the US biological war against Cuba. He affirms that the dengue outbreak was introduced by terrorist groups into the island.

—1984: An outbreak of dysentery causes the death of 18 children in Guantánamo province. Investigators pin down the start of the outbreak to two workers who had participated in a festive activity inside the Guantánamo naval base. The disease was again of a type previously unknown in Cuba.

—1985: An infectious bronchitis poultry virus seriously disrupts egg production.

—1989: Ulcerative mammillitis in dairy cattle caused by a herpes virus spreads throughout the island affecting milk yields.

—1990: Black sigatoka, infects banana plantations throughout the island. Once again the disease had been hitherto unknown on the island. The disease appeared precisely as Cuba began to put plans into action to start intensive banana production.

—1991: Acariasis disease which affects bees is discovered, just as Cuban honey starts to be exported.

—1991: 30,000 tobacco seedlings are discovered to be 15 per cent infected with fusorio which once in the soil means tobacco production has to be halted for three years.

—1992: Black plant louse which carries a citrus disease known as tristeza (sadness) is discovered.

—1994: Citric sapper blight is found in Pinar del Rio and Camagüey.

—1993: 122,135 rabbits have to be slaughtered after an outbreak of a viral disease.

—1995: February 10. A camera case in the luggage of a visiting US scientist is found to contain four small test tubes of a biological substance. On examination it is discovered to be the citric tristeza virus.

—1995: Coffee borer discovered in Granma province. Losses of 80 per cent were attributed to it and considerable resources had to be spent on containing it.

—1996: Varroasis, another bee disease is diagnosed in three apiaries in Matanzas. Previously unknown in Cuba, this disease is the worst of all affecting honey production.

—1996: Thrips Palmi attack in Matanzas by State Department plane.

—2018: New Dengue Fever epidemic in Cuba

from https://afrocubaweb.com/biowar.htm

I can't even put into words how evil this all is.

And even through all that violence, Cubans persevere and even thrive.

After several months of hiatus, the theory discussion group will be moving from Matrix to Lemmygrad, and now you (yes, you!) can suggest texts (yes, texts!) for us to read

Requirements:

• Must be Marxist theory

• Must be reasonably short (a somewhat larger text can be divided across several weeks)

• Must not include any derogatory statements directed at rodents native to South America

The most upmarseyd comment in this thread suggesting a text that meets these requirements will be used for the first discussion thread (we will be making new posts for every text or text segment). You can participate from any instance that's federated with Lemmygrad.

> Starship vehicles have been launched 8 times, resulting in 4 successes (50%), and 4 failures.

The last launch of Starship was a failure as well.

It appears to be the case that Elon Musk may have actually overextended himself with the Starship project as our technologies may actually not be advanced enough to be able to pull it off for another few decades.

The reason I believe that this is the case is that the Falcon 9 was already a cutting edge rocket. Then the Falcon Heavy was another cutting edge rocket, and now Starship is a 3rd gen cutting edge rocket built within a 15 year timespan.

If we compare that time period to military jets, US military jets specifically, then the 5th generation of US military jets took first flight in 1990, and have been in use since then upto current year and ongoing.

Which is to say that Elon Musk is attempting to fit in 2-3 decades of progress within every 5-8 year timespan. A process that very obviously hits the wall within Elon's lifespan where it can grow no further at a rapid rate.

It is in this manner that Starship may have hit the wall and actually requires another generation of improvements in material science and aircraft engineering before something as big as starship could be successfully pulled off with a 95%+ success rate.

Blue Origin continues to move at a more realistic pace than SpaceX giving Blue Origin more time to keep improving at a consistent rate without getting stuck in place allowing itself to pace out the process.

In conclusion:

Elon Musk got too excited and overextended himself. Human science and engineering isn't yet advanced enough to successfully pull off a rocket like Starship and likely won't be for decades to come. Elon Musk has hit the wall of engineering progress and now can move no faster than the competition any longer, until one day they are all at the same level once more.

As someone who spent several years working at an arboretum (ie someone who frequently tended to gardens and lawns), I'm gonna challenge the folks claiming it's because lawns are easier to care for. Keeping grass looking nice and uniform is difficult and resource intensive any place in the world, whereas a thoughtfully planted garden of local flora can require relatively little intervention. It's all about how intensely you want to stick a middle finger up to Mother Nature and try to grow plants that don't belong in the environment. Lawn grass doesn't belong anywhere so it's always a challenge.

are they fr right now

I thought most people don't care if they have perfect soccer feild grass and most ppl where I am have patchy lawns

They like it, they actually (and im not fricking with u here) think it looks nice, someone else already mentioned why they like it but when it comes down to it they just like grass. Which imma be honest i think is fine, problem is they force people who dont like it to also have grass and double problem they are completely unreasonable about their love for grass just no moderation at all they put it everywhere in unreasonable quantities.

https://old.reddit.com/r/Historycord/comments/1j33szc/photo_of_deported_lithuanian_children_in_siberia/

Cruelty is bad

https://old.reddit.com/r/UkraineRussiaReport/comments/1j2z5ns/ru_pov_arguments_against_common_proukraine_points/

Being nice is hard

Watch angry exchange between Trump and Zelensky at White House

Libs are super mad but I have seen 2 bit western journ*lists disrespect Asian and African leaders this way a bunch of times and libs celebrate it as clapping back.

I personally think it's great that everyone gets to see under the covers about what the empire thinks of you. Let's be clear, the dems lost on purpose so the right could do this and get applause from its audience. And then in 4 years we may flip over and the theater will play a different movie for the lib fans. But it's just theater at the end of the day.

One thing that pops out quite strongly to me is that when Trump tells Zelensky that they aren't winning the war, Zelensky responds with

We are staying in our country. We are staying strong

Zelensky can't even say in public that they are winning, or have a chance of winning. Only that the fighting will continue. He wants to continue bleeding Ukrainian lives no matter what. He has no rebuke to Trump's statement that they are wasting life, or gambling with WW3. It's a testament of how delusional you have to be that Trump is coming across as the reasonable voice of peace when dealing with you!

That's what I thought seeing that, Trump should never be the one making a reasonable statement in any room.

I think to the average dumbass American that exchange made Trump look amazing. Which sucks. He gets to look like the defender of America against meanie ukrainians who want all its guns while simultaneously sending israel everything it wants and continuing the genocide.

Everyone is pissing on the floor and demanding you respect how strong their piss streams are

really? idk to me both vance and trump look like wimps, zelensky being allowed to yap like that and not instantly being shut down in place makes them look weak. ive seen people have more authority in daily life tbh.

wouldn't be lemmygrad without a "a strong leader should silence the weak" type opinion

You gotta remember your a lot more educated on this tho. Most Americans are gonna see like a few second clip that the media cuts to make zelensky look extra mean and theyll use the "your playing with WW3" line from Trump to make him look like this big peace defender. Then theyll say he kicked zelensky out of the WH for being rude, and the average american will eat it up.

Lol, they fricking kicked him out of the White House

And of course Sheepdog Sanders has to come out and show how much of a neocon agenda loyalist he is now:

Such a disappointment of a man.

It's also just stupid, even in terms of purely cynical political gain. Three years ago it was certainly politically advantageous to virtue signal support for Ukraine. But we can see which way the wind is blowing now. The US wants to ditch project Ukraine and they are currently in the process of unwinding the heroization propaganda surrounding Zelensky. This public humiliation ritual was just the latest part of that image tarnishing.

And the veil that has hidden the ugly reality of what has been going on in Ukraine for these past years will be slowly lifted by the media so that the US can say "it's not our fault the war was lost, look how corrupt they turned out to be". And many of the European leaders, as well as the Democrats and "progressives" in the US, who insist on tying their political credibility to the sinking ship that is Zelensky may well be dragged down along with him.

If you're going to be a rat at least be a smart one. Know when it's time to jump ship.

Reminder that Lemmygrad exists because the Supreme Sinophobe Bardfinn used AHS to get /r/genzedong quarantined by reddit admins

Look at that BRAIN OBSIDIAN:

src

Yes, it's me, @holden_commodore filling in for the communists again while they're busy having their joint self-criticism sessions and tarot reading conference

src

alt

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(CNN) —  When a series of lightning strikes took down power across New York City on the night of July 13, 1977, streetlights, neon signs, and the bright lights of houses and skyscrapers went dark.

And just like that, for the first time in decades, the Milky Way could be seen streaked across the black sky, speckled by thousands of shimmering stars.

"I saw a (starry) sky from my location in the Bronx," said Joe Rao, a meteorologist and amateur astronomer who was living in New York City on the night of the blackout, "which I had never seen before and have never seen again."

Barring a freak power outage, the light emanating from towns and cities due to unnatural light sources is so bright that it washes out the stars. Today one-third of all humans, including 80% of North Americans, cannot see the Milky Way.

For a growing number of people, natural darkness has been lost. When the lights went out in 1977, New Yorkers could see how much they were missing.

Light pollution, the term for the brightening of the night sky by unnatural lights, is increasing worldwide. On average, skies are getting 10% brighter each year globally, with the fastest rate of change in North America.

Many species are suffering the consequences. Every year, up to one billion birds in the US are killed by colliding with buildings, a global crisis exacerbated by bright lights drawing them off their migratory paths at night. Unnatural lighting can disorient insects, and affect the leaf development of trees. A 2017 study found that light pollution poses a threat to 30% of vertebrates and more than 60% of invertebrates that are nocturnal.

Nesting sea turtles, which rely on the reflection of light on the water from celestial bodies to guide them to the ocean, can be disoriented by unnatural lights around beaches, resulting in fatal dehydration or predation.

"We've found sea turtles in elevator shafts," said Rachel Tighe, lighting project manager at Sea Turtle Conservancy, a Florida-based nonprofit funded by the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation. For the animals, she added, "it's confusion and chaos."

And humans are affected, too. While the health implications of unnatural light are still being investigated, research has linked light pollution to obesity, depression, sleep disorders, diabetes, and cancer.

"We know that if you start to shift temperatures you have really profound impacts on organisms across ecosystems, so you would imagine that if we start to mess with light cycles, we might have similarly profound impacts," said Professor Kevin Gaston, a light pollution expert at the University of Exeter, in the UK. "We're all ultimately dependent on this stuff for our very existence."

Unlike other environmental issues like climate change and deforestation, the problem of light pollution could be curbed overnight — by turning off the lights.

In 2020, the small town of Crestone, Colorado, switched off its streetlights when it ran out of money to pay the electricity bill. At night, the streets were dark, but the sky above was bright with stars.

"At the next meeting (of the Board of Trustees), someone said, 'You know, we kind of like it dark,'" recalled Kairina Danforth, mayor of Crestone at the time. Inspired to preserve natural darkness, the town decided to leave the streetlights off.

Soon, Crestone became one of a growing number of towns around the world officially recognized as a Dark Sky community by DarkSky International, an organization that promotes the battle against light pollution.

"We are probably the only Dark Sky community in the world that has no residential lights because they couldn't afford to pay the bill," said Danforth. "Now there's a strong communal support for our dark sky."

As Crestone, and the residents of New York City in 1977, can attest, a total blackout will bring back the stars instantaneously. But efforts to tackle light pollution need not be so extreme to make a big difference, said Ruskin Hartley, CEO of DarkSky International.

"The solutions are simple," he said, "and they don't involve giving up anything apart from bad quality lighting."

Light pollution experts abide by the mantra: "keep it low, keep it shielded, keep it long." In other words, ensure that lighting is low to the ground, that it is targeted to avoid light leaking in all directions, and, if possible, that it has a long wavelength, typically observed as amber colored. Finally, turn lights off when they're not needed.

Some communities are following DarkSky's recommendations by retrofitting their lighting fixtures to reduce light pollution, or simply turning off more lights. DarkSky International has worked with communities and nature reserves in 22 countries to provide support and give official accreditation to areas that have made positive changes. Nearly 300 areas are now accredited.

In 2022, DarkSky, in collaboration with the Czech Republic, developed a European policy brief on reducing light pollution, recommending that "all light should have a clear purpose," that it "should be directed only to where needed," and that it "should be no brighter than necessary." The brief suggests using current EU legislative frameworks — on biodiversity, climate change, and energy efficiency — to push for light pollution mitigation measures.

As of October 2022, 20 pieces of nationwide legislation that concern the mitigation of light pollution had been introduced in nine member states of the European Union since 2000, according to the Czech Republic's Ministry of the Environment.

Countries are further incentivized by potential economic advantages. Electric-powered indoor and outdoor lights consume 17% to 20% of global electricity production, according to the European policy brief, and cutting usage means cutting costs. Areas with dark skies are also benefitting from astrotourism, a growing trend in which tourists travel to stargaze in locations with lower levels of light pollution.

"(Under) the stars are the places we told our first stories," said Hartley. "For many communities, these have been erased and lost because of the scourge of light pollution. But more and more are starting to recover and rediscover this."

Wildlife is benefitting, too. The Sea Turtle Conservancy has changed over 30,000 lights and estimates it has darkened over 45 miles of nesting beach in Florida since 2010, possibly saving as many as tens of thousands of hatchlings. "It's really cool to be able to see such a change so quickly," Tighe said.

Despite positive changes, stemming light pollution is an uphill battle.

Even in some parts of Chile's Atacama Desert, one of the darkest places on Earth, you can now see a distant glow emanating from nearby La Serena, one of the country's fastest-growing cities, said Hartley.

"You can't escape it anymore, and it is just a product of waste and ignorance," he added. "How can we get more people to care about this?"

For Rao, who was 21 on the night that the Milky Way appeared above his house in the Bronx, and is now 68, optimism for the fate of our skies is at an all-time low. "I'm beginning to wonder whether anybody is going to be able to see a good dark sky anymore, 30, 40 years from now," he said. "It's very, very sad."

But as the movement to save the dark grows, there is still a faint hope that a star-studded future is possible.

https://instagram.com/p/DFDhTsbsgKK/

(link)

Astronomers have been left red-faced after announcing the discovery of a new near-Earth asteroid — only to realize that the supposed space rock was the remains of Elon Musk's cherry-red Tesla Roadster and its spacesuit-clad driver "Starman."

The misidentified object, which was launched into space on board a SpaceX rocket in 2018, highlights a growing problem in astronomy that could lead to costly errors, researchers say.

On Jan. 2, the International Astronomical Union's Minor Planet Center (MPC) added a new object, dubbed 2018 CN41, to its list of near-Earth asteroids. The supposed space rock was identified by an unnamed amateur astronomer in Turkey using years of publicly available data, Astronomy.com reported. However, just 17 hours later, the MPC released an editorial notice retracting the discovery after the citizen scientist realized they had made a mistake.

The Tesla Roadster, which was previously used by Elon Musk, was launched into space on Feb. 6, 2018, as the test payload for the maiden launch of SpaceX's Falcon Heavy rocket. The publicity stunt garnered widespread attention at the time, partly due to Starman — a mannequin in the car's driving seat that was wearing a likely defective spacesuit and "listening" to David Bowie's album "Space Oddity" on loop.

The car and its driver headed toward Mars after escaping Earth's gravity and were supposed to enter a stable orbit around the Red Planet, which raised alarms at the time that it could become a potential Martian "biothreat" if it accidentally crash-landed there. However, the pair overshot their target and instead entered a stable orbit around the sun. Now, it circles the sun and occasionally zooms past Mars.

The Tesla has now completed roughly 4.5 trips around the sun, traveling at roughly 45,000 mph (72,000 km/h), according to whereisroadster.com. This means that the car has now exceeded its initial 36,000-mile warranty around 100,00 times.

However, the car is probably unrecognizable now after being exposed to years of intense radiation from the sun and bombarded by tiny fragments of space rocks, which have likely stripped the outer layers of the car and shredded Starman.

This is not the first time that human-made objects have been mistaken for near-Earth asteroids. The MPC has temporarily listed a number of spacecraft as space rocks over the last two decades — including the European Space Agency's Rosetta spacecraft, NASA's Lucy probe, the joint European-Japanese BepiColombo mission and others — as well as rocket boosters and other debris, according to Astronomy.com.

This type of confusion will also likely increase as more human-made objects are launched into space.

These misidentifications could lead to more false alarms for near-Earth asteroids, which could in turn result in costly errors, Jonathan McDowell, an astronomer at the Harvard and Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, told Astronomy.com. "Worst case [scenario], you spend a billion [dollars] launching a space probe to study an asteroid and only realize it's not an asteroid when you get there," he said.

While space agencies and private companies are required to accurately track their products in orbit around Earth, there is currently no legislation that forces them to do the same for spacecraft and debris that escape Earth's gravity, like the Tesla Roadster.

However, "such transparency is essential for promoting space situational awareness, reducing interference between missions, [and] avoiding interference with observations of natural objects," members of the American Astronomical Society warned in a 2024 statement.

!grillers, it's so simple! we need to abandon our both-sidery and embrace leftism.

/u/sandhillcranefan, get back to me when you pay your first tax bill.

Astronomers say they've detected a mysterious type of signal known as a fast radio burst coming from an ancient, dead galaxy billions of light years away. Figuratively speaking, it makes for one heck of a sign of life.

The findings, documented in two studies published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters, upends the long held belief that FRBs — extremely powerful pulses of energy — originate exclusively from star-forming regions of space, as dead galaxies no longer support the birth of new stars.

Adding to the seeming improbability of the FRB's origin, the researchers believe that the signal's source came from the furthermost outskirts of the galaxy, about 130,000 light years from its center, with only moribund stars at the end of their stellar evolution for company.

"This is both surprising and exciting, as FRBs are expected to originate inside galaxies, often in star-forming regions," said Vishwangi Shah, lead author of one of the studies and an astronomer at McGill University, said in a statement about the work.  "The location of this FRB so far outside its host galaxy raises questions as to how such energetic events can occur in regions where no new stars are forming."

Though they're often only milliseconds in duration, FRBs are so powerful at their source that a single pulse emits more energy than our Sun does in an entire year.

What could cause such staggering outbursts? Astronomers have speculated that they originate from magnetars, a type of collapsed, extremely dense stellar object called a neutron star that maintains an unfathomably potent magnetic field, perhaps trillions of times stronger than Earth's.

But that theory is now being challenged by this latest FRB, designed FRB 20240209A, because there are no young stars in the 11.3 billion year old galaxy that could form magnetars. Only extremely massive stars, which have short lifespans as a consequence of their size and thus would need to have been recently formed, possess enough mass to collapse into neutron stars in the first place.

FRB 20240209A isn't the first to be found in such a remote location. In 2022, astronomers detected another signal originating from the outskirts of its galaxy, Messier 81, where no active star formation was taking place.

"That event single-handedly halted the conventional train of thought and made us explore other progenitor scenarios for FRBs," said Wen-fai Fong, a coauthor of both studies and an astrophysicist at Northwestern University, in the statement. "Since then, no FRB had been seen like it, leading us to believe it was a one-off discovery — until now."

Crucially, the M81 FRB was found in a dense conglomeration of stars called a globular cluster. Given their similar circumstances, it led the astronomers to believe that FRB 20240209A could be residing in a globular cluster, too. To confirm this hunch, they hope to use the James Webb Telescope to image the region of space around the FRB's origins

NO ARTICLE JUST POSTING THE PICTURES:

Scientists Just Discovered an Impossible Particle

Understanding the ins and outs of the subatomic world is a confusing process, but there are moments of surprising simplicity. For example, all fundamental particles (that we know of) can be naturally divided into two categories: fermions and bosons. Fermions contain all the particles of matter (i.e. quarks and leptons) and are characterized by their half-integer spin values whereas bosons are all force carriers—gluons, w and z bosons, photons, and of course, the Higgs boson—and have spin values in whole integers, so 0 or 1 (or possibly 2 if gravitons exist).

These different properties mean fermions and bosons also behave differently. Don Lincon, a senior scientist at the U.S. particle physics laboratory Fermilab, describes bosons as "puppies of the subatomic world" because you can have an unlimited number of bosons in the same place at the same time. This is why lasers exist, for example. However, fermions are standoffish (or "subatomic cats," according to Lincoln) because two fermions cannot be in the same place at the same time due to the Pauli exclusion principle, which states that no two electrons (each with opposite spins) can occupy the same atomic orbital.

In other words, particles in between these two states shouldn't exist, but a new mathematical study from two scientists from Rice University in Texas and Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics in Germany suggests otherwise. By using advanced mathematical techniques, the researchers found that these "paraparticles" could theoretically exist within the known confines of physics. The results of this study were published in the journal Nature.

"This is cross-disciplinary research that involves several areas of theoretical physics and mathematics," Max Planck Institute,'s Zhiyuan Wang, a former postdoctoral student at Rice University and study co-author, said in a press statement.

Mathematically proving the existence of paraparticles, the existence of which has been debated for 70 years, wasn't an easy task. The duo relied on advanced mathematics, such as Lie algebra, Hopf algebra, and representation theory to create mathematical models of dense matter systems, and found that these hypothetical paraparticles in one and two dimensions behaved differently from fermions and bosons when they exchanged their positions, allowing a certain number of particles to congregate rather than just one (fermions) or infinitely many (bosons).

"Our paper proves, for the first time, that there is actually something beyond fermions and bosons," Wang told New Scientist.

Although this new mathematical description is a huge breakthrough, its impact is still unknown, and Rice University co-author Kaden Hazzard even says he doesn't know exactly where this research will lead, but "I know it will be exciting to find out." So far, the research doesn't hypothetically show evidence for the existence of paraparticles in the third dimension (though it doesn't rule it out either) and how likely these hypothetical paraparticles occur in nature is currently unknown.

As New Scientist notes, these paraparticles are actually quasiparticles, which emerge from strong interactions between particles, and are not fundamental particles themselves. However, the discovery of the quasiparticle known as anyons could prove vital for developing future quantum computers, so the further exploration of these paraparticles could lead science into new areas previously believed to be impossible.

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