Cousin Marriage/Avunculate Marriage and Incest (Royal and otherwise)

Dramatards, the man on the painting was Charles II of Spain (Carlos II), the last monarch of the House of Austria (the Spanish Habsburgs)

He suffered from metal r-sluration being considered a simpleton and possibly Klinefelter syndrome and epilepsy. That means was sterile and had a micropeepee.

Here's his family tree

As you can see his father King Philip IV and his mother Queen Mariana of Austria were uncle and niece, this is called Avunculate Marriage. Philip IV parents, Philip III and Margaret of Austria were cousins and Philip III parents Philip II and Anne of Austria were again uncle and niece. Because the Catholic Church forbids incest and classifies it as up to third degree cousins, these types of marriages required a papal dispensation.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dispensation_(Catholic_canon_law)

Here's the family tree of the Houses of Aviz and Bragança who reigned over Portugal.

Again with Uncle-Niece marriages like Queen Maria I (known as Maria the Mad) and her uncle Peter III (previously Infante Pedro of Bragança).

And here's a map of prevalence of cousin marriage nowadays. !antibharatiya

!historychads !ifrickinglovescience

Also !catholics what do you guys think of Dispensations?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avunculate_marriage#:~:text=An%20avunculate%20marriage%20is%20a,and%20their%20niece%20or%20nephew.

And of course here's the family tree of the House of Ptolemy